One, seeing:
1, type: Ru kiln-type is mainly imitation bronze ritual former mainly practical device less, there are some watch makers. As a kiln, and the Northern Song Dynasty ceramic art has reached a point of culmination, so-type must be stable, simple, generous, showing every detail of the atmosphere, regular. Corner upright God, there is the feeling of scenery, whenever there is people feel awkward shape and local, can not be classified on the first Ru kiln. Imitation by the hand after throwing techniques can not achieve the level at kiln artisans, they are often used to open the mold, with the grouting method to imitation, but because the mold is done in accordance with the finished product after glazing, so make vegetarian tire re-glazing, the details of some blurring or loss of all, the whole model is dull, heavy.
2, the glaze: Ru Kiln Celadon glaze mainly in days, about 65%, a little less heat, into a powder blue (cyan than the day a little), egg blue, pale blue (the color of light than the powder blue, a little more yellow), accounting for about 28%, partly due to this degree glass bottom, susceptible to corrosion, so the surface will generally look older, too little heat into the sky blue, green beans, green peas least, accounting for 7%, which in part because of vitrified high level, more resistant to corrosion, the surface glistening bright, look newer. If the recency and the colors do not match, there may not be Ru kiln.
3, the surface conditions: the surface normal eye can see brown eyes, Ru base, the formation of mainly brown eyes glaze bubbles floating, Peng crack formation of small cavities, the firing temperature is lower because Ru is generally believed that in 1250 degrees, and many experts regard as 1,300 degrees porcelain and pottery of the watershed, so Ru firing temperature, the surface should look a little loose, not so dense and bright brown eyes and a corresponding emergence of Ru base is Ru surface in the emergence of a phenomenon unique to any other porcelain, under any circumstances and will not appear the same traces of it and some white, some yellow, is something that can easily be removed by hand, sporadic Distribution of crystalline alkali-like substance.
4, the opening film situations: Ru Kiln general opening film, but does not rule out a handful opening film of the phenomenon. The opening film Ru porcelain mechanism different from the other, the other porcelain opening film is due to different tire with glaze shrink, causing the majority of the straight opening film, the surface was covered with mesh. Ru kiln opening film is due to the participation of the agate glaze end, because agate crystal separation, the surface appears opening film is irregular curve, although not strictly not through, but rarely through lines, giving a beauty, can not have opening film opened Suidiao feeling.
5, support burn situations: Ru kiln generally use applied over the glaze, branched nailing burning, supporting nail according to the size of the size of the severity of the artifacts to be, a large grain size of objects can even have the support of nails, moderate artifacts sesame branch nails, small objects like nails and even branched needle, a garden type. Ru tire is fragrant gray, but support the nails is white. If the irregular expenditure nails, and there are sticky sand situation, you can consider a Korean celadon. Mat burn and there is support in Quanzu have nailed excavation in kilns discovered tiles, handed down less. The nail is generally singular number, location relatively close to ring foot.
6, with a magnifying glass to see: in the glaze can be seen in a small number of bubbles, bubbles according to the thickness of tires of different sizes, small-type, tread on thin air bubbles must be small, less, or even none. -Type large tires naturally thicker, bubbles will be bigger, but definitely not big bubble vesicles exist, but a mess, even bubble connected. Around and taking a dip in the bubble, you will see the shining agate crystals emit light, but by very few, scattered, indistinct, more is not right.
Two hand touch:
1, is characterized Ru thin glaze, thin tires, so the same device type, Ru Kiln lighter than other kilns, started a take, if you feel the obvious sense than the impression to light, is right, if there is no difference or heavier, not a right.
2, hand touching the surface, seems to have painted grease after lubrication sense, does not appear by pushing astringent resistance in various corners around the corner, does not appear burr handle feeling.
3, the flat level, the curved bend, hand feels there will be no feeling of uneven or curve is not smooth feeling.
Third, the ears:
1, with the finger nails, gently percussion Ru kiln artifacts, on the one hand because the glaze thin tires thin relative to the thickness of the other artifacts with the same volume, the sound will sound. Guyun "as chime sound." But at the same time, because Ru kiln firing temperature is low, the surface of the vitrified porcelain low degree of aggravation loose, so the sound is a bit muffled. Not brittle hair. Here we must note that percussion parts, it must be in the position of the edge should produce fibrillation.
2, due to a variety of objects of different shapes, thickness distribution is different, listen to the sound, only the long-term studies, very experienced before use, generally is not a basis for identification.
Fourth, chemical analysis:
1, with the same in a region chinaware Ru, is not the same chemical composition, characterized Ru silicon low silica content is generally less than 70, fluctuation in the amount of fluctuation around 60 ± 3. Aluminum high, but aluminum oxide content of not more than 20, at 15 fluctuates around volume ± 3, calcium oxide content of not more than 20, at 15 fluctuates around volume ± 3, because Ru glaze for emulsifying effect parameters into the ash, phosphorus pentoxide, there is about 1, iron oxide about 1 to 2.5. These five indicators must match. There is an out of range, it is worth considering. This is the surface using fluorescence spectroscopy instruments measured data, if thermoluminescence method, in the past called "abortion", need to use a powder measure objects, now have no injury pyroelectric detection technology that can detect errors 50 years can also be used as a secondary reference index....
